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Humans have a very unique type of skin as compared to animals; it is tougher and has the ability to withstand varying types of pressure and stress.
Some people can do some things very comfortably, while others cannot; because of the variance in skin colour. We move around and notice that while some people are dark, others are fair, some are extremely fair in complexion, and others, extremely dark.
Skin colour is the most visible colour one skin has; most visible because some parts are naturally fairer than others for various reasons.
Melanin is a natural pigment that does not just determine the colour of one’s skin, but also the colour of hair, and the eyes. It is produced by cells known as melanocytes. In the presence of UV rays; the most common source being the sun, the body makes more melanin to protect the skin from damage.
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Skin colour is a continuous trait; implying that there will be a gradient of colours when we compare the complexions of the general populace. Unlike discontinuous traits, continuous traits have a range of values; for example, height and weight.
If you take a sample of ten people, the probability that you will have up to three individuals with the same weight is very low; this is the pattern continuous traits follow, skin colour inclusive.
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Some people believe that blacks have a very high amount of melanin, and whites have little or no melanin. This is a misconception; as both whites and blacks have melanocytes that produce melanin in adequate amounts. The difference however is in the type of melanin produced, and the abundance of each type.
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In some cases, hyperpigmentation of a certain region of skin may be normal as in birthmarks. However, some diseases may be associated with excessive production or a deficiency of melanin
It is also important to note that some agents that inhibit the formation of melanin; most of which are found in bleaching creams are cancerous in nature and should be avoided.
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